Author(s): Garçon N, Van Mechelen M
The immunostimulants 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and the saponin QS-21 are part of licensed or candidate vaccines. MPL and QS-21 directly affect the innate immune response to orchestrate the quality and intensity of the adaptive immune response to the vaccine antigens. The combination of immunostimulants in different adjuvant formulations forms the basis of Adjuvant Systems (AS) as a way to promote appropriate protective immune responses following vaccination. MPL and aluminum salts are present in AS04, and both MPL and QS-21 are present in AS01 and AS02, which are liposome- and emulsion-based formulations, respectively. The recent clinical performance of AS01-, AS02- and AS04-adjuvanted vaccines will be discussed in the context of the diseases being targeted. The licensing of two AS04-adjuvanted vaccines and the initiation of Phase III trials with an AS01-adjuvanted vaccine demonstrate the potential to develop new or improved human vaccines that contain MPL or MPL and QS-21.
Referred From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21506645
Author(s): Kensil CR, Kammer R
Author(s): Kensil CR, Patel U, Lennick M, Marciani D
Author(s): Kensil CR
Author(s): Garçon N, Chomez P, Van Mechelen M
Author(s): Sun HX, Xie Y, Ye YP
Author(s): Ragupathi G, Gardner JR, Livingston PO, Gin DY
Author(s): Lee S, Nguyen MT
Author(s): Warshakoon HJ, Hood JD, Kimbrell MR, Malladi S, Wu WY, et al
Author(s): Dalsgaard K
Author(s): Campbell JB, Peerbaye YA
Author(s): Kenney JS, Hughes BW, Masada MP, Allison AC
Author(s): Song X, Hu S
Author(s): Borja GPC, Correia NNP, Silva VOD, Paraguai SED, Santos WR, et al.
Author(s): Kirk DD, Rempel R, Pinkhasov J, Walmsley AM
Author(s): Hu KF, Lövgren-Bengtsson K, Morein B
Author(s): Morein B, Hu KF, Abusugra I
Author(s): Kersten G, Hirschberg H
Author(s): Aguilar JC, Rodríguez EG
Author(s): Kensil CR, Wu JY, Anderson CA, Wheeler DA, Amsden J
Author(s): Katayama S, Oda K, Ohgitani T, Hirahara T, Shimizu Y
Author(s): Liu G, Anderson C, Scaltreto H, Barbon J, Kensil CR
Author(s): Marciani DJ, Kensil CR, Beltz GA, Hung CH, Cronier J, et al.