Saponins as vaccine adjuvants

Author(s): Kensil CR

Abstract

Naturally occurring triterpene glycosides (saponins) from Quillaja saponaria have considerable adjuvant activity. Adjuvant functions include stimulation of high levels of antibody to T-dependent and T-independent antigens, induction of mouse IgG1, IgG2b, and IgG2a isotypes, and induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. This article reviews responses due to specific saponins of saponin preparations, effect of formulation, structure/function studies, and use in different preclinical and clinical vaccine applications.

Similar Articles

Advances in saponin-based adjuvants

Author(s): Sun HX, Xie Y, Ye YP

Natural and synthetic saponin adjuvant QS-21 for vaccines against cancer

Author(s): Ragupathi G, Gardner JR, Livingston PO, Gin DY

Potential adjuvantic properties of innate immune stimuli

Author(s): Warshakoon HJ, Hood JD, Kimbrell MR, Malladi S, Wu WY, et al

Saponin adjuvants

Author(s): Dalsgaard K

Saponin

Author(s): Campbell JB, Peerbaye YA

Immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) for nasal vaccination

Author(s): Hu KF, Lövgren-Bengtsson K, Morein B

Antigen delivery systems

Author(s): Kersten G, Hirschberg H

Vaccine adjuvants revisited

Author(s): Aguilar JC, Rodríguez EG

QS-21 and QS-7: purified saponin adjuvants

Author(s): Kensil CR, Wu JY, Anderson CA, Wheeler DA, Amsden J

QS-21 structure/function studies: effect of acylation on adjuvant activity

Author(s): Liu G, Anderson C, Scaltreto H, Barbon J, Kensil CR

Genetically-engineered subunit vaccine against feline leukaemia virus: protective immune response in cats

Author(s): Marciani DJ, Kensil CR, Beltz GA, Hung CH, Cronier J, et al.